Comparison of response parameters of the organism to the load in sports karate disciplines kata and kumite

Abstract

As part of the grant project VEGA 1/0414/15, we have decided to
summarize the findings of the variability in the level of loading, in
sports Karate-do disciplines Kata and Kumite, as the possibilities of
using diagnostic load in the elite sports training. Sports Karate
belongs to the group of combat, strength-speed sports where the
load structure of sports performance is characterised by irregular
interval oscillations of load intensity. Load intensity in both of its
disciplines, however, ranges from medium to maximum duration and
the time during which the load continues in one duel in Kumite is 3
min. for males, and 2 min. for females. In Kata, the average duration
of one combat routine is 2 min. During such kind of load, the
metabolic coverage of energy in the form of ATP-CP, anaerobic
glycoses and aerobic phosphorylation takes place in both cases. We
have measured the heart rate by means of a telemetry system Polar
team 2 during sports performance in kata and kumite under training
conditions. It was found that on average, the cardiovascular system
underwent higher load in kumite. The average maximum heart rate
values for kumite were higher by 4 n.min-1. Furthermore, the
average HR values for kata were 188 n.min-1 while in kumite it
reached 192 n.min-1. By measuring the blood lactate concentration
using the the Biosen C-Line Lactate Analyser device, we found out
that the average maximum LA values immediately after load were
higher for kata competitors than kumite competitors, reaching a
difference of 2.3 mmol.l-1. A comparison of maximum and minimum
average LA values span during load showed that the difference
between the maximum and minimum was higher for kata
performance (9.8 mmol.l-1), while for kumite it amounted only to 5.7
mmol.l-1.